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Qualitative Analysis of Organic Compounds (Sodium fusion Test or Lassaigne Test) Objective: 1. To carry out Lassaigne test in order to determine the elements (N,S halogens) present in the unknowns. 2. To identify the elements present in compounds and their colouration. Introduction: Qualitative analysis is always applied as a first step in identifying a compound when a new compound is readily prepared or isolated from some natural source. In an organic compound, elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen are assumed to be present commonly. Nitrogen, sulphur and halogens (chlorine, bromine and iodine) may also present in the organic compound. The identification of elements in a given compound is a type of qualitative analysis since the experiment is dealing with the composition of a unknown compound. This experiment must be handled very carefully as further the analysis of the organic compound is according to the element present in it. Generally, the tradition

Qualitative Analysis of Elements The most commonly occurring elements in organic compounds are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and halogen elements. There is no direct method for the detection of oxygen. For detecting nitrogen, sulphur and halogens, we can use the sodium fusion test (Lassaigne’s test). Sodium Fusion Test This test is used for the qualitative analysis of elements nitrogen, sulphur and halogen in Organic compounds. In order to detect them, it is necessary to convert them into ionisable inorganic substances. 1) Test for Nitrogen We can detect cyanide ion and hence, nitrogen ion in the sample by the Prussian blue test. The filtered alkaline solution resulting from the action of water upon the sodium fusion is treated iron (II) sulphate and thus, forms sodium hexacyanoferrate (II). Upon boiling the alkaline iron (II) salt solution, some iron (III) ions are insensibly produced by the action of air. Now, we add dilute sulphuric acid to dissolve th

Our Objective Our objective is to determine the anion present in the given salt. The Theory What is Qualitative Inorganic Analysis? The qualitative inorganic analysis is a method of analytical chemistry that seeks to find out the elemental composition of inorganic compounds through various reagents. It is mainly focused on detection of ions in an aqueous solution, so the substances in other states need to be converted into an aqueous solution before starting the experiment. The procedure for detecting ions (cations and anions) in aqueous solutions are called Cation Analysis and Anion Analysis. Let's discuss the Qualitative Analysis of Anions. Qualitative Analysis of Anions Preliminary Tests Some preliminary tests are done before going to the anion analysis. (A) Physical Examination: Colour and Smell The physical examination of the unknown salt involves the study of colour, smell and density. Characteristic smell helps to identify some anions such as acetate,